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Objective Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has been proved to have a good protective effect on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, but whether autophagy is one of the protective mechanisms remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of lipoxin A4 on rat spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods 48 rats were randomly divided into LXA4 group, ischemia-reperfusion group (SCII group) and sham group with 16 rats in each, and the models of each group were built accordingly. The rats in LXA4 group received intrathecal injection of 10μl LXA4 (300 pmol) 30 minutes after clamping the abdominal aorta. Three groups of rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation 24 hours after reperfusion and the apoptosis-positive cells were then obtained. The spinal cord tissues of three groups of rats were stained and counted by LC3B fluorescence staining, and the expressions of LC3-II/LC3-I and GABARAP protein were detected by Western blot. Results There were few LC3B positive cells in the sham group. Compared to those in the sham group (73.40±19.42), the number of LC3B positive cells in SCII group (399.80±18.46) and LXA4 group (240.80±12.76) significantly increased (P<0.05), and the number in LXA4 group was significantly lower than that in SCII group (P<0.05). The ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and the expression of GABARAP in SCII group and LXA4 group was significantly higher than those in sham group (P<0.05). The ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I in spinal cord tissue significantly declined compared with that of SCII group (P<0.05). Conclusion The autophagy is activated when SCII occurs, indicating that the autophagy is involved in SCII. After LXA4 is administered, autophagy is inhibited and SCII is alleviated.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of an emollient containing Prinsepia utilis Royle oil extracts and other extracts on clinical symptoms and disease recurrence in children aged 2-12 years with atopic dermatitis (AD) in the remission period.Methods A multicenter,randomized,parallel-group,controlled clinical trial was conducted from December 2017 to September 2018.A total of 297 children aged 2-12 years with moderate AD were enrolled from 5 hospitals in China,and randomly divided into the test group (148 cases) and control group (149 cases).In the acute stage,the two groups were both topically treated with mometasone furoate cream once a day on the skin lesions,and with an emollient containing Prinsepia utilis Royle oil extracts and other extracts twice a day throughout the whole body for 2-4 weeks.The children would be enrolled into the remission stage if their Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score was ≤ 1 at following visits.In the remission stage,the test group was only topically treated with the emollient twice a day throughout the whole body,while mometasone furoate cream and the emollient were both withdrawn in the control group.At weeks 4,8 and 12 in the remission stage,the recurrence of AD,eczema area and severity index (EASI),children's dermatology life quality index (CDQOL) and adverse events were evaluated.Statistical analysis was carried out with SAS 9.4 software by using t test for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups,chi-square test for comparison of unordered categorical data,Kaplan-Meier method for analysis of survival rates,Cox regression analysis for evaluating the effect of different therapies on AD recurrence in children in the remission stage,and Logistic regression analysis for analysis of odds ratio (OR) of EASI or CDQOL at week 4 in the remission stage between the test group and control group.Results Of the 297 children with AD,31 breached the clinical trial protocol,and 266 were included in the per protocol set (PPS),including 132 in the test group and 134 in the control group.In the PPS,114 and 106 patients completed the follow-up in the test group and control group respectively,and the recurrence rate was significantly lower in the test group (47,41.23％) than in the control group (84,79.25％;x2 =32.96,P ＜ 0.001).The time to recurrence was significantly longer in the test group(61.99 d ± 2.80 d)than in the control group(39.17 d ± 2.54 d,t =6.03,P ＜ 0.001),and the recurrence risk was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group (Log rank test,x2 =32.02,P ＜ 0.001).After adjustment for age and gender,Cox regression analysis showed that the recurrence risk in the test group was 0.35 times that in the control group (HR =0.35,95％ CI:0.24-0.51,P ＜ 0.01).At week 4 in the remission stage,the EASI score at P50-P75 and P75-P100 in the test group were 0.42,0.25 times that in the control group respectively (95％ CI:0.20-0.86,0.12-0.54 respectively;P =0.02,＜ 0.01respectively).Moreover,the CDQOL score at P75-P100 in the test group was 0.33 times that in the control group (95％ CI:0.17-0.65,P ＜ 0.01).No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was observed between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Maintenance treatment with the emollient containing Prinsepia utilis Royle oil extracts and other extracts can markedly reduce the recurrence risk in AD children,improve clinical symptoms,and enhance the quality of life.
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Objective Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly IC) plays an important role in the central nervous system damage and repair.This study was to investigate the effect of poly IC on inflammatory response after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) in rats.Methods A total of 72 healthy adult male SD rats were equally randomized into a sham-operation, an ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and a poly IC group.The abdominal cavities of the rats were cut open and closed again in the sham-operation group and SCIRI models were established in the IR and poly IC groups by clamping the abdominal aorta, followed by reperfusion 60 minutes later and intraperitoneal injection of saline (0.1 mL) and poly IC (1.25 μg/g), respectively.At 6, 24, and 48 hours after modeling, BBB scores were obtained and the contents of TNFα, IL-1β and IFN-β were measured by ELISA.At 48 hours, the expressions of NF-κB and IL-10 were determined by immunohistochemistry, the area of ischemic necrosis in the spinal cord tissue was calculated by TTC staining, and its morphological changes were observed under the optical microscope.Results At 48 hours after modeling, the BBB scores were significantly lower in the IR and poly IC groups than in the sham-operation group (3.80±0.75 and 9.40±0.49 vs 20.00±0.00, P<0.01), though higher in the poly IC than in the IR group (P<0.01).The rats of the IR group showed extensive degenerated neurons in the gray substance of the spinal cord, with scattered foci of bleeding and blood coagulation, while those of the poly IC group exhibited fewer necrotic neurons and basically normal nuclear morphology, though with a few swelling cells.The ischemic necrosis area of the spinal cord tissue was significantly reduced.The expression of NF-κB was decreased while that of IL-10 increased markedly.Compared with the IR group, the poly IC group showed a significant increase in the expression of IFNβ (117.23±6.06 vs 55.65±4.02, P<0.01) and a remarkably decrease in the expressions of TNFα (190.45±4.16 vs 201.82±2.18, P<0.01) and IL-1β (39.27±2.48 vs 50.59±1.47, P<0.01) at 48 hours.Conclusion Poly IC can protect the spinal cord and reduce inflammatory response after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of different routes of administration of tranexamic acid on coagulation function and amount of bleeding in patients with one stage posterior surgery of thoracic tuberculosis. METHODS:40 patients suffered from thoracic tuberculosis in our hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2013 were randomly divided into intravenous group(5% Glucose injec-tion 100 ml+tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg,through an intravenous drip at 30 min before closing the wound) and topical application group(5% Glucose injection 10 ml and tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg,through soaking the wound before closing the wound)with 20 cases in each group. Other 15 cases suffered from the thoracic tuberculosis in our hospital from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2010 were includ-ed in control group. 3 groups received one stage posterior surgery of thoracic tuberculosis,interbody fusion and internal fixation. The difference of hemoglobin,coagulation function and the amount of suction drainage were observed before and after surgery, and followed up. Bone graft fusion and therapeutic condition of tuberculosis were observed in the study. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in postoperative suction drainage between intravenous group and topical application group (P>0.05),but their decrease was more significant than control group,with statistical significance(P0.05). The difference value of he-moglobin in control group before and after operation was significantly higher than in intravenous group and topical application group,with statistical significance (P0.05). 55 patients were all followed up and bone graft of all cases were fused,and all patients were cured and no case recurred. CONCLUSIONS:Tranexamic acid by intravenous application or topical application can reduce hemorrhage and ane-mia after operation of thoracic tuberculosis,and has no effect on blood coagulative system.
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BACKGROUND: The mechanisms of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury are the result of the combined effects of multiple factors, but there is no effective treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lipoxin receptor agonist BML-111 on inflammatory factor and apoptosis in rats with spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: A total of 72 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham surgery group, ischemia-reperfusion group and BML-111 group. Rat models of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury were established by clamping the abdominal aorta in the later two groups. Rats in the ischemia-reperfusion group and BML-111 group were injected with 0.1 mL of saline and 1 mg/kg BML-111 through caudal vein at 30 minutes after model establishment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with ischemia-reperfusion group, BBB scores were significantly improved, pathological injury of spinal cord tissue significantly reduced, the number of apoptotic cel s, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β expression, myeloperoxidase oxide activity and malondialdehyde content decreased in the BML-111 group. These findings indicate that lipoxin receptor agonist BML-111 can inhibit neuronal apoptosis and inflammation so as to reduce spinal cord injury.
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BACKGROUND:Lumbar spinal stenosis is clinical repaired with decompression, bone fusion and internal fixation, and different internal fixation materials can be chosen during the surgery. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) pedicle screw fixation combined with interbody fusion on the bone fusion rate of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in 63 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing decompression and interbody fusion. These patients were divided into control group (titanium internal fixation system,n=31) and experimental group (PEEK pedicle internal fixation system,n=32) according the internal fixation materials folowed by posterior spinal decompression with interbody fusion. The Oswestry dysfunction index scores before and 4, 12, 24 weeks postoperatively and bone fusion rates at 4, 12, 24 weeks postoperatively were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Oswestry dysfunction index scores showed a gradual decline in both two groups before and 4, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment, but there was no difference at different time (P > 0.05). At 4 and 24 weeks after treatment, there was no difference in the bone fusion rates between the two groups (P > 0.05), but at 12 weeks after treatment, the bone fusion rate in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). During the surgery, no infection and other adverse events occurred in the two groups. These results indicate that both PEEK and titanium internal fixation systems for lumbar tube stenosis have obtained good results, but PEEK material has a better role in the bone fusion at 4-12 weeks after internal fixation.
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With the rapid development of industry, agriculture and transportation, the high energy trauma happened accordingly, thus greatly increased the incidence of traumatic osteomyelitis. The clinical traumatic osteomyelitis was mainly the local bone tissue inflammation caused by bacteria infection as trauma or iatrogenic causes. The delaying recovery could cause bone defection or bone nonunion. The purpose of this paper was to contribute new reference for the clinical prevention and treatment through tremendous of disease-causing bacteria susceptibility and resistance analysis of osteomyelitis
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Humans , Male , Female , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Wounds and Injuries , Osteomyelitis/prevention & control , Drug ResistanceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Studies have indicated that melatonin can promote the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cels into neurons, and the effect of melatonin on the osteoblasts form adipose-derived stem cels is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To observe the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cels and the effect of melatonin on the bio-viability of differentiated cels. METHODS:(1) Adipose-derived stem cels were isolated and purified from the inguinal fat of Kunming mice by type I colagenase digestion and differential adhesion method, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of CD44 was used as a quality control. (2) Osteogenic induction medium was added to induce osteogenic differentiation of passage 2 adipose-derived stem cels. Alkaline phosphatase staining and von Kossa method were combined to evaluate differentiation condition. (3) Melatonin at variable concentrations was added to treat mature osteocytes originated from adipose-derived stem cels and MTT was applied to determine their viability at 24 and 48 hours after culture respectively to find out optimal condition of melatonin treatment. (4) Melatonin at the optimal concentration was used to treat differentiated cels and detect alkaline phosphatase activity after 3 days and 6 days respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After seeding for 48 hours, most cels were adherent, and after 4 days, the cels displayed multiple shapes and colonies of different sizes formed. After subculture, cel morphology homogenized as spindle shape. Cels positive for CD44 were brownish yelow, and localized mainly on the cel membrane. (2) Differentiated cels were positive for von Kossa staining and black sediments scattered in the extracelular matrix. Alkaline phosphatase expressed positively, and brown-black particles, appeared within cels. (3) Melatonin supplement improved the viability of differentiated cels; and 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L was observed as the optimal concentrations both at 24 and 48 hours. (4) The intracelular alkaline phosphatatse activity was increased with time in al the groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank group, the intracelular alkaline phosphatase activity in Melatonin groups (1, 10 and 100 μmol/L) had nochanges at 3 days, but significantly increased at 6 days (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that melatonin can enhance the proliferation of osteocytes differentiated from adipose-derived stem cels, and improve the activity of intracelular alkaline phosphatase.
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Objective To investigate the safety and clinical effect of combined anterior and posterior surgeries approach for the treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis .Methods There were 31 cases of low lumbar and sacrum spinal tuberculosis in this se‐ries .All cases that anti‐tuberculosis treatment lasted 3 weeks before the operation received posterior transpedicular screw system in‐ternal fixation ,anterior radical focus debridement and auto‐grafting with iliac bone .Bed rest was for 6-12 weeks after surgery and no brace was needed .Anti‐tuberculosis treatment lasted 12 -18 months .Results The period follow‐up was 12 -43 months and there was one case of the formation of the sinus and bilateral abscess after surgical resection of re‐healing ,and there was no cases of bone block displacement .All tuberculosis lesions were healing .13 cases with neurological symptoms had recovery .There was no spondylolisthesis postoperative follow‐up;The heigh ,kyphosis correction and restore stability of vertebral body were satisfied .The patients had solid bony fusion without internal fixation loosening and rupture after 5-9 months .Conclusion It is a safe and effec‐tive method to treat lumbosacral tuberculosis by posterior transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior radical focus debridement with interbody autografting .which can thoroughly clear focus of spinal tuberculosis ,decompress sufficiently spinal cord ,correct effectively the kyphosis deformity and achieve the stability of a strong three‐column .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To downregulate the expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) in osteosarcoma (OS) cells by siRNA technology and to investigate related biological impact on cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell invasion of OS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three OS cell lines and osteoblast hFOB1.19 cell line were used in this study. Control siRNA and PTTG1 siRNA were employed to transfect OS U2OS cells, and PTTG1 protein level was detected by Western blot after the transfection. Effects of PTTG1 siRNA on cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell invasion were investigated by CCK-8, flow cytometry and Boyden chamber, respectively. Finally, activity of Akt and its downstream target gene expression were analyzed by Western blot in U2OS cells upon various treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expression of PTTG1 protein in 3 OS cells (MG-63, SaOS-2 and U2OS) was significantly higher than that in osteoblast hFOB1.19, among which U2OS cells displayed the highest level. PTTG1 siRNA markedly downregulated the expression of PTTG1 protein in U2OS cells, leading to obvious inhibition of cell proliferation, altered cell cycle distribution and reduced ability of invasion of U2OS cells. Moreover, downregulation of PTTG1 reduced the expression of p-Akt (S473 and T308), MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins, along with enhanced expression of p21 and E-cadherin proteins.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PTTG1 may be tightly linked to the development of OS and therefore may serve as a novel target for precision therapy of OS.</p>